609 research outputs found
Anvendelse af det af ham hertil inventerede Mæskekar.
Anvendelse af det af ham hertil inventerede Mæskekar
Unforeseen high temperature and humidity stability of FeCl3 intercalated few layer graphene
This is the final version of the article. Available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.We present the first systematic study of the stability of the structure and electrical properties of FeCl3 intercalated few-layer graphene to high levels of humidity and high temperature. Complementary experimental techniques such as electrical transport, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy conclusively demonstrate the unforseen stability of this transparent conductor to a relative humidity up to 100% at room temperature for 25 days, to a temperature up to 150°C in atmosphere and to a temperature as high as 620°C in vacuum, that is more than twice higher than the temperature at which the intercalation is conducted. The stability of FeCl3 intercalated few-layer graphene together with its unique values of low square resistance and high optical transparency, makes this material an attractive transparent conductor in future flexible electronic applications
Many--Particle Correlations in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions
Many--particle correlations due to Bose-Einstein interference are studied in
ultrarelativistic heavy--ion collisions. We calculate the higher order
correlation functions from the 2--particle correlation function by assuming
that the source is emitting particles incoherently. In particular
parametrizations of and relations between longitudinal, sidewards, outwards and
invariant radii and corresponding momenta are discussed. The results are
especially useful in low statistics measurements of higher order correlation
functions. We evaluate the three--pion correlation function recently measured
by NA44 and predict the 2--pion--2--kaon correlation function. Finally, many
particle Coulomb corrections are discussed.Comment: 5 corrected misprints, 14 pages, revtex, epsfig, 6 figures included,
manuscript also available at http://www.nbi.dk/~vischer/publications.htm
Periodic magnetoconductance fluctuations in triangular quantum dots in the absence of selective probing
We have studied the magnetoconductance of quantum dots with triangular
symmetry and areas down to 0.2 square microns, made in a high mobility
two-dimensional electron gas embedded in a GaAs-AlGaAs heterostructure.
Semiclassical simulations show that the gross features in the measured
magnetoconductance are caused by ballistic effects. Below 1 K we observe a
strong periodic oscillation, which may be explained in terms of the
Aharanov-Bohm flux quantization through the area of a single classical periodic
orbit. From a numerical and analytical analysis of possible trajectories in
hard- and soft-walled potentials, we identify this periodic orbit as the
enscribed triangle. Contrary to other recent experiments, this orbit is not
accessible by classical processes for the incoming collimated beam.Comment: RevTex 8 pages, including 5 postscript figure
Freeze-Out Time in Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion Collisions from Coulomb Effects in Transverse Pion Spectra
The influence of the nuclear Coulomb field on transverse spectra of
and measured in reactions at 158 A GeV has been investigated.
Pion trajectories are calculated in the field of an expanding fireball. The
observed enhancement of the ratio at small momenta depends on the
temperature and transverse expansion velocity of the source, the rapidity
distribution of the net positive charge, and mainly the time of the freeze-out.Comment: 11 pages including 2 figure
Observing Non-Gaussian Sources in Heavy-Ion Reactions
We examine the possibility of extracting non-Gaussian sources from
two-particle correlations in heavy-ion reactions. Non-Gaussian sources have
been predicted in a variety of model calculations and may have been seen in
various like-meson pair correlations. As a tool for this investigation, we have
developed an improved imaging method that relies on a Basis spline expansion of
the source functions with an improved implementation of constraints. We examine
under what conditions this improved method can distinguish between Gaussian and
non-Gaussian sources. Finally, we investigate pion, kaon, and proton sources
from the p-Pb reaction at 450 GeV/nucleon and from the S-Pb reaction at 200
GeV/nucleon studied by the NA44 experiment. Both the pion and kaon sources from
the S-Pb correlations seem to exhibit a Gaussian core with an extended,
non-Gaussian halo. We also find evidence for a scaling of the source widths
with particle mass in the sources from the p-Pb reaction.Comment: 16 pages, 15 figures, 5 tables, uses RevTex3.
(Anti)Proton and Pion Source Sizes and Phase Space Densities in Heavy Ion Collisions
NA44 has measured mid-rapidity deuteron spectra from AA collisions at
sqrt{s}=18GeV/A at the CERN SPS. Combining these spectra with published proton,
antiproton and antideuteron data allows us to calculate, within a coalescence
framework, proton and antiproton source sizes and phase space densities. These
results are compared to pion source sizes and densities, pA results and to
lower energy (AGS) data. The antiproton source is larger than the proton source
at sqrt{s}=18GeV/A. The phase space densities of pions and protons are not
constant but grow with system size. Both pi+ and proton radii decrease with
transverse mass and increase with sqrt{s}. Pions and protons do not freeze-out
independently. The nature of their interaction changes as sqrt{s}, and the
pion/proton ratio increases.Comment: 4 pages, Latex 2.09, 3 eps figures. Changes for January 2001. The
proton source size is now calculated assuming a more realistic Hulthen,
rather than Gaussian, wavefunction. A new figure shows the effect of this
change which is important for small radii. A second new figure shows the
results of RQMD calculations of the proton source size and phase density.
Because of correlations between position and momentum coalesence does not
show the full proton source size. The paper has been streamlined and
readability improve
Harmonic Content of Strain-induced Potential Modulation in Unidirectional Lateral Superlattices
Detailed analysis of the commensurability oscillation (CO) has been performed
on unidirectional lateral superlattices with periods ranging from a=92 to 184
nm. Fourier analysis reveals the second (and the third) harmonics along with
the fundamental oscillation for a>=138 nm (184 nm) at low-enough temperature,
evincing the presence of corresponding harmonics in the profile of the
potential modulation. The harmonics manifest themselves in CO with demagnified
amplitude due to the low-pass filtering action of the thermal damping factor;
with a suitable consideration of the damping effect, the harmonics of the
modulation potential are found to have the amplitudes V_2 and V_3 up to roughly
30% of that of the fundamental component V_1, despite the small ratio of the
period a to the depth d = 99 nm of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) from
the surface. The dependence of V_n on a indicates that the fundamental
component originates at the surface, while the higher harmonics arise from the
effect of the strain that penetrates down into subsurface. The manipulation of
high harmonics thus provides a useful technique to introduce small length-scale
modulation into high-mobility 2DEGs located deep inside the wafer.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure
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